Given its size and population density (688,249 people), Frankfurt has had to adapt to a specific set of waste management challenges. The city is a major connective point for commuters, numerous airline passengers, trade fair visitors, and hotel guests, which adds an additional 257,000 people to the number. The daytime population of the population easily swells to over a million during the height of tourist season. Here come the unique priorities for Frankfurt’s environment and waste management industry. Frankfurt has implemented robust waste management regulations aimed at promoting recycling, reducing waste, and ensuring environmentally sound disposal. The waste management strategy focuses on four key areas: waste avoidance, materials recycling, energy recycling, and waste removal. FES Frankfurter Entsorgungs- und Service, a public-private enterprise formed from the former Waste Management and City Cleaning Department, is tasked with collecting and recycling waste and reusable materials in Frankfurt. The system is designed to maximize efficiency and environmental benefits through a combination of direct collection and specialized disposal methods. Residual domestic waste and light commercial waste that resembles household waste are collected in residual waste bins by FES. This waste is incinerated at a waste-to-energy plant, generating electricity and heat. This process ensures that waste is not only disposed of but also contributes to the city's energy needs. Kitchen and green waste are collected bi-weekly in biowaste bins. This organic material is converted into compost and biogas, the latter of which is used to produce electricity and heat in cogeneration facilities. Paper and cardboard are placed in dedicated bins and collected every two weeks. The collected materials are sorted and sold to paper mills, ensuring that these resources are recycled and reused. Light packaging waste, including plastics and metals, is managed through the German dual system (DSD).